Settings up a Lambda Function on Amazon Web Services to properly accept and validate an incoming Twilio text message (SMS) is much harder than it should be. Here is a very basic configuration to pass through the submitted form data from Twilio as well as the Twilio validation header to your NodeJS script for processing. The first body mapping template converts all parameters (post vars for POST method, querystring for GET) into keys in your event object passed into your NodeJS Lambda function. Additionally I’m passing Twilio’s X-Twilio-Signature HTTP header through as “event.Signature” so you can properly validate the request as being from Twilio for full security. After processing we response with the XML response and pass it through the API gateway as-is back to Twilio through the use of an Integration Response and its Body Mapping Template. Overly complicated, I know, but this is the simplest I’ve figured out to do it and it seems to match even official Twilio tutorials for similar actions.
API Gateway Integration Request Body Mapping Template
Content type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Mapping Template Code:
## convert HTML POST data or HTTP GET query string to JSON
## get the raw post data from the AWS built-in variable and give it a nicer name
#if ($context.httpMethod == "POST")
#set($rawAPIData = $input.path("$"))
#elseif ($context.httpMethod == "GET")
#set($rawAPIData = $input.params().querystring)
#set($rawAPIData = $rawAPIData.toString())
#set($rawAPIDataLength = $rawAPIData.length() - 1)
#set($rawAPIData = $rawAPIData.substring(1, $rawAPIDataLength))
#set($rawAPIData = $rawAPIData.replace(", ", "&"))
#else
#set($rawAPIData = "")
#end
## first we get the number of "&" in the string, this tells us if there is more than one key value pair
#set($countAmpersands = $rawAPIData.length() - $rawAPIData.replace("&", "").length())
## if there are no "&" at all then we have only one key value pair.
## we append an ampersand to the string so that we can tokenise it the same way as multiple kv pairs.
## the "empty" kv pair to the right of the ampersand will be ignored anyway.
#if ($countAmpersands == 0)
#set($rawPostData = $rawAPIData + "&")
#end
## now we tokenise using the ampersand(s)
#set($tokenisedAmpersand = $rawAPIData.split("&"))
## we set up a variable to hold the valid key value pairs
#set($tokenisedEquals = [])
## now we set up a loop to find the valid key value pairs, which must contain only one "="
#foreach( $kvPair in $tokenisedAmpersand )
#set($countEquals = $kvPair.length() - $kvPair.replace("=", "").length())
#if ($countEquals == 1)
#set($kvTokenised = $kvPair.split("="))
#if ( ( $kvTokenised[0].length() > 0 ) && ( $kvTokenised[1].length() > 0 ) )
## we found a valid key value pair. add it to the list.
#set($devNull = $tokenisedEquals.add($kvPair))
#end
#end
#end
## next we set up our loop inside the output structure "{" and "}"
{
## Pass Twilio signature header through to event.Signature.
"Signature": "$input.params('X-Twilio-Signature')",
## Pass all valid params through into event var.
#foreach( $kvPair in $tokenisedEquals )
## finally we output the JSON for this pair and append a comma if this isn't the last pair
#set($kvTokenised = $kvPair.split("="))
"$util.urlDecode($kvTokenised[0])" : #if($kvTokenised.size() > 1 && $kvTokenised[1].length() > 0)"$util.urlDecode($kvTokenised[1])"#{else}""#end#if( $foreach.hasNext ),#end
#end
}
TIP: After setting up your mapping template don’t forget to DEPLOY your new changes!
NodeJS Code to Accept & Validate Incoming SMS from Twilio
var twilio = require('twilio');
twilio_auth_token = 'YOUR_AUTH_TOKEN_HERE';
this_api_url = 'LAMBDA_API_URL_HERE'; // Should match the full URL called by Twilio. Best to include trailing slash in both.
exports.handler = function(event, context, callback) {
console.log( 'Parameters:' );
console.log( event );
var twilio_params = JSON.parse( JSON.stringify( event ) ); // Clone event into new var so we can remove Signature param. Can't just copy var since it copies by reference.
delete twilio_params.Signature; // Held the X-Twilio-Signature header contents.
if ( true !== twilio.validateRequest( twilio_auth_token, event.Signature, this_api_url, twilio_params ) ) {
console.log( 'Twilio auth failure.' );
return callback( 'Twilio auth failure.' );
} else {
console.log( 'Twilio auth success.' );
}
twiml = new twilio.TwimlResponse();
// twiml.message( 'Uncomment this line to send this as a text message response back to the sender.' );
return callback( null, twiml.toString() ); // Success.
};
Method Response
Set the Method Response 200 HTTP Status Response Model to a Content type of application/xml instead of the default application/json.
Integration Response
You need to set the 200 response Body Mapping Template to directly output your XML directly. Set a Body Mapping Template of Content-type application/xml and for the template content use the following. Since we are using the twimlResponse() method to build the XML we don’t need to modify the response in any way before passing it out.
#set($inputRoot = $input.path('$'))
$inputRoot
External resources
https://forums.aws.amazon.com/thread.jspa?messageID=725034
https://www.twilio.com/docs/api/security
http://twilio.github.io/twilio-node/#validateRequest
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/728360/most-elegant-way-to-clone-a-javascript-object
https://www.twilio.com/blog/2015/09/build-your-own-ivr-with-aws-lambda-amazon-api-gateway-and-twilio.html